Characteristics of fiber optic connectors

Optical fiber and optical fiber connector is detachable between (active) connection device, which is the fiber end face precision docking of the two together to make the transmitter optical output power to maximize the light coupled into the fiber to the receiver , and to intervene because of its optical link while minimizing the impact of the system, which is the basic requirement of fiber optic connectors. To a certain extent, also affected the fiber optic connector optical transmission system reliability and the performance.

Fiber optic connector according to the different transmission media can be divided into common silicon-based single-mode fiber, multimode connectors, there are other such as the transmission medium of plastic fiber-optic connectors; by connector structure can be divided into: FC , SC, ST, LC, D4, DIN, MU, MT, and so on in various forms. Which, ST connector is typically used for wiring device side, such as fiber optic patch panels, fiber optic module; the SC and MT connectors commonly used network equipment side. Divided by the fiber end shape of the FC, PC (including SPC or UPC) and APC; still divided by the number of single-core optical fiber core and multi core (such as MT-RJ) of the points. Fiber optic connectors are widely used variety. In practice, we generally follow the structure of the different fiber optic connectors to be distinguished. Here are some of the relatively common fiber optic connectors:


(1) FC fiber optic connectorThis connector was first developed by Japan's NTT. Ferrule Connector FC is an abbreviation that is the way to strengthen its external metal cover, fastening means for the turnbuckle. The earliest, FC type connector, using the butt end of the ceramic pin correction prostitution yo シ look ugly twist the sword 'C). Type of connector structure is simple, easy to operate, making easy, but the fiber end face is more sensitive to dust, and prone to Fresnel reflection, is more difficult to improve return loss performance. Later, the type of connector has been improved, using the butt end leaving spherical pin (PC), while the external structure has not changed, making the insertion loss and return loss performance has been improved greatly.

(2) SC fiber optic connectorThis is a development by the Japanese company NTT fiber-optic connectors. The rectangular enclosure, using the pin and coupling sleeve with FC-type structure size identical. Which pins to use more face-type PC or APC polishing; fastening means is the use of plug pin latch style, without rotation. Such connectors inexpensive, easy to operate plug, insertion loss fluctuation is small, high compressive strength, high density mounting.ST and SC fiber optic connector interfaces are two types of connections for 10Base-F, the ST type connectors are usually, for 100Base-FX, the majority of cases, the connector type for the SC. ST connector ferrule, SC connector pin in the connector inside.

(3) double cone-type connector (Biconic Connector)Type of fiber optic connectors in the most representative products developed by the U.S. Bell Labs, which consists of two precision molded by the end of the first was a truncated conical cylinder plug and a plastic sleeve inside with double-cone tube coupling components.

(4) DIN47256-type optical fiber connectorThis is a connector developed by the German. The connector pin and coupling sleeve used in the structure of the same size and FC-based, end-milling process using PC mode. Compared with FC-type connector, its structure is more complicated, the internal metal structure in a controlled pressure of the spring to avoid excessive pressure due to the injury plug end. In addition, this high precision mechanical connector, so a smaller insertion loss values.

(5) MT-RJ connectorMT-RJ started in the NTT developed MT connector with LAN with RJ-45 type electrical connector latch the same institution, through a small tube mounted on both sides of the guide pin aligned fiber, and optical transceivers to facilitate machine connected to the dual-core fiber connector end face (interval 0.75mm) array design, is mainly used for data transmission of the next generation of high-density fiber optic connectors.

(6) LC-type connectorLC-type connector is well-known Bell (Bell) Research Institute developed, using easy to operate modular jack (RJ) latch mechanism is made. Their use of pin and sleeve size is normal SC, FC, etc. used in half the size of 1.25mm. This can increase the fiber optic patch panel fiber optic connector in the density. At present, the SFF in single-mode, LC connector types actually have to hold a dominant position in the application of multi-mode also growing rapidly.

(7) MU connectorMU (Miniature unit Coupling) connector is the most current SC connectors, based on research developed by NTT of the world's smallest single-core optical fiber connectors,. The connector uses 1.25mm diameter casing and self-sustaining organization, its strengths lies in its ability to achieve high-density mounting. Use of MU's l.25mm diameter casing, NTT has developed a MU connector family. They are used to connect fiber optic cable socket-type connector (MU-A series); a self-sustaining institutions backplane connector (MU-B series) and for connecting LD / PD module with simplified plug socket (MU-SR Series) and so on. With the greater bandwidth fiber-optic network to the direction of the rapid development of larger capacity and extensive use of DWDM technology, the MU connector demand will grow rapidly.